ASTM D2892-2018 原油蒸餾試驗方法(15-理論板式柱) Standard Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum (15-Theoretical Plate Column)

1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the distillation of stabilized crude petroleum (see Note 1) to a final cut temperature of 400 °C Atmospheric Equivalent Temperature (AET). This test method employs a fractionating column having an efficiency of 14 to 18 theoretical plates operated at a reflux ratio of 5:1. Performance criteria for the necessary equipment is specified. Some typical examples of acceptable apparatus are presented in schematic form. This test method offers a compromise between efficiency and time in order to facilitate the comparison of distillation data between laboratories. Note 1: Defined as having a Reid vapor pressure less than 82.7 kPa (12 psi). 1.2 This test method details procedures for the production of a liquefied gas, distillate fractions, and residuum of standardized quality on which analytical data can be obtained, and the determination of yields of the above fractions by both mass and volume. From the preceding information, a graph of temperature versus mass % distilled can be produced. This distillation curve corresponds to a laboratory technique, which is defined at 15/5 (15 theoretical plate column, 5:1 reflux ratio) or TBP (true boiling point). 1.3 This test method can also be applied to any petroleum mixture except liquefied petroleum gases, very light naphthas, and fractions having initial boiling points above 400 °C. 1.4 This test method contains the following annexes and appendixes: 1.4.1 Annex A1—Test Method for the Determination of the Efficiency of a Distillation Column, 1.4.2 Annex A2—Test Method for the Determination of the Dynamic Holdup of a Distillation Column, 1.4.3 Annex A3—Test Method for the Determination of the Heat Loss in a Distillation Column (Static Conditions), 1.4.4 Annex A4—Test Method for the Verification of Temperature Sensor Location, 1.4.5 Annex A5—