1.6MPa甲醇合成系統設計運行總結

第3期(總第112期)煤化工No.3(Total No. 1 122004年6月Coal Chemical IndustryJun.200416MPa甲醇合成系統設計運行總結湯海琦(山西原平化學(xué)工業(yè)集團有限責任公司,原平034100)摘要對國內首家1.6MPa單醇合成系統的設計運行進(jìn)行了總結。該裝置利用了拆遷的舊聯(lián)醇設備進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設計。簡(jiǎn)述了工藝流程,介紹了甲醇合成工段主要設備由來(lái),分析了系統存在的問(wèn)題并提出對策。生產(chǎn)中實(shí)現了合成尾氣的回收利用。關(guān)鍵詞1.6Pa甲醇合成設計運行問(wèn)題探討文章編號:1005-9598(2004)03-0048-02中圖分類(lèi)號:TQ223·121文獻標識碼:B原平化工集團有限責任公司10萬(wàn)t/a甲醇合成對應1個(gè)Φ800m塔,兩臺5r對應另一個(gè)φ800m系統是利用原北京化工實(shí)驗廠(chǎng)拆遷的舊聯(lián)醇設備設塔。5臺循環(huán)機用聯(lián)通總管連通,以備每套系統互相倒計的1.6MPa單醇合成系統。整個(gè)工藝是以J-28型氣車(chē)互為備用或調節氣量供任一合成塔使用?；癄t生產(chǎn)的水煤氣為原料,氣量為26000m3/h,經(jīng)栲14節能措施膠脫硫、全低溫變換、復合催化熱鉀堿脫碳、有機硫水本裝置設計中,在水冷器的上部利用循環(huán)使用的解以及活性炭精脫硫工藝使總硫含量≤0.lmg/m3送軟水回收出甲醇合成塔氣體的熱量,去加熱甲醇精餾往甲醇合成工段,采用C301甲醇觸媒合成粗甲醇。工段中預塔的塔底料液,以減少精餾系統蒸汽的消2002年12月投產(chǎn)?，F就甲醇合成系統的設計運行情耗。況作一總結介紹。2甲醇合成工藝流程簡(jiǎn)述1甲醇合成工藝流程特點(diǎn)從壓縮機來(lái)的新鮮氣分兩路分別進(jìn)入1°、2濾油1.1合成系統選擇器,濾油器分離油后進(jìn)入新鮮氣總管,分4路分別進(jìn)甲醇合成為4套系統,Φ1000m塔兩套,φ800m入1-4甲醇合成塔?，F以1·合成塔為例說(shuō)明單塔流塔兩套,4套均成獨立系統設計,并考慮了中1000m塔與Φ800mm塔串聯(lián)操作,以使觸媒在反應的前后期充分利用,提高生產(chǎn)能力,增加經(jīng)濟效益。新鮮氣12合成壓力的選擇本裝置設計壓力為1.6MPa,因原聯(lián)醇系統甲醇合成放空氣壓力為13wPa,放空氣可直接送入原聯(lián)醇系尾氣去聯(lián)醇入口統甲醇合成入口,減少氣體再進(jìn)壓縮機升壓及有效氣戒出口的損失;在開(kāi)車(chē)初期,催化劑活性較好,當放空氣中弛放氣去四段入口C0、CO2較少時(shí),尾氣也可與聯(lián)醇系統尾氣混合去銅洗。13循環(huán)機配置本裝置共設計5臺循環(huán)機,其中2臺TG450型透平循環(huán)機各對應兩個(gè)φI00m塔、1臺512循環(huán)機油水分離器收稿日期:200402-09中國煤化工器作者簡(jiǎn)介:湯海琦,女,1965年生,1989年畢業(yè)于太原理TCNMHG間槽大學(xué),工程師,現從事化工工藝設計及技術(shù)改造T作。甲醇臺成工藝流程示意圖2004年6月湯海琦:1.6MPa甲醇合成系統設計運行總結49-程:新鮮氣和1循環(huán)機出口氣體匯合,分4路進(jìn)氣進(jìn)甲醇分離器共4臺,規格為φ800mx5060m,均入1合成塔,從塔頂進(jìn)入的3路進(jìn)氣分別為主線(xiàn)氣由32MPa氨合成分離器改造而來(lái)。和兩個(gè)冷激氣,從塔底進(jìn)入的為冷副線(xiàn),兩路冷激氣43水冷器分別從一、二菱型分布器進(jìn)入觸媒層。主線(xiàn)氣沿塔壁水冷器4臺,其中8排9列套管式2臺,8排6列進(jìn)入塔底換熱器和合成氣換熱后與冷副線(xiàn)匯合進(jìn)入套管式2臺,換熱面積分別為25m2和169m2。冷管束換熱后進(jìn)入中心管,然后進(jìn)入觸媒層。合成氣從塔底出來(lái)進(jìn)入冷卻器,冷卻后再進(jìn)入甲醇分離器,5問(wèn)題探討及對策從甲醇分離器頂部出來(lái)的氣體一部分進(jìn)入透平機入口,一部分進(jìn)入尾氣放空氣總管去聯(lián)醇人口或出口。6Pa單醇系統為全國首家獨創(chuàng ),該裝置在開(kāi)車(chē)甲醇分離器分離下的甲醇液體減壓后進(jìn)入粗甲醇中過(guò)程中,催化劑裝填以及升溫還原嚴格按照南化集團間槽,然后去甲醇精餾工段,中間槽弛放氣回到壓縮公司研究院《C301甲醇合成催化劑升溫還原方案》進(jìn)4段入口,見(jiàn)圖1。行,該系統在2002年12月份實(shí)現了一次開(kāi)車(chē)成功。因造氣產(chǎn)氣量不足,共開(kāi)3個(gè)塔運行,其中開(kāi)兩個(gè)Φ13氣體成分000m塔,一個(gè)Φ800mm塔。Φ1000m塔整個(gè)還原過(guò)程歷時(shí)65h,有效升溫還原時(shí)間為56h,累計出水量為31新鮮氣成分2.1t,與理論出水量基本一致。在試生產(chǎn)運行期間因表1新鮮氣成分Φ800mm塔阻力過(guò)大,出現內件壓扁事故,被迫將該塔H/3C0%/%N/%CHAr/總硫/mmH:C停運。另外因儀表液位失靈發(fā)生中間貯槽串氣至甲醇8~7020~262-810~14<0.50.12.32.5精餾段粗甲醇常壓貯槽事故。系統存在的問(wèn)題主要有以下幾方面。32入塔氣成分5.1人塔新鮮氣中N2含量高達10%~14%,使壓縮機五段人口壓力高,至今未能徹底解決。表2入塔氣成分52分離器因內件和筒體全部為舊設備,體積偏小,H2/%00/%0/%N2/%CH,+Ar/%H:使循環(huán)氣帶液嚴重,循環(huán)機跳車(chē)頻繁。784.00.8122-165、3合成塔壓差大,使觸媒粉碎,帶人系統。54水冷卻器軟水循環(huán)部分水量不足,產(chǎn)生氣化,致3.3出塔氣成分管道振動(dòng)。后改為預熱脫鹽水補充水量,供鍋爐給水,表3出塔氣成分充分回收熱量H,CH+Ar55在觸媒生產(chǎn)初期,尾氣中C0含量符合銅洗入塔1.60.212.85.50.6氣成分要求,為此將尾氣總管又配到聯(lián)醇出口總管上,使尾氣既可到聯(lián)醇人口,又可到聯(lián)醇出口,并在尾氣總管上增加了C0、CO2分析表,根據分析表數據隨時(shí)4甲醇合成工段主要設備調節尾氣的去向,方便操作。56在冬季運行期間,因室外溫度低,甲醇中間貯槽4.1甲醇合成塔弛放氣中所夾帶的甲醇氣冷凝,產(chǎn)生帶液情況合成塔為Φ1000m×15400m兩臺,觸媒筐為三套管式帶兩段冷激型,觸媒裝填量為4.3m’,塔內換6總結熱器面積為365m2,冷管傳熱面積為36.5m2,內裝電加熱器功率為500kW;另有φ800m合成塔兩臺,內件為本工程從設計至一次開(kāi)車(chē)成功歷時(shí)不足一年。合帶一段冷激的三套管式,觸媒裝填量為2.4m3,塔內換理利用了舊設備、舊管道、舊儀表。工藝流程簡(jiǎn)捷,裝熱器面積為206m2,冷管換熱面積為4m2,內裝電加熱置布局緊湊操作控制方便,并利用了原來(lái)的舊廠(chǎng)房,器功率為500kW。以上4臺甲醇合成塔均為北京實(shí)驗節省中國煤化工善,將創(chuàng )造更好的化工廠(chǎng)由氨合成塔改造而成效益CNMHG4.2甲醇分離器(下轉第52頁(yè))化2004年第3期A(yíng)nalysis on Problems Concerning the Sulfur Recovery Process and the Suggested RemediesZhang Wenan, Du Chuangyang, Zhang BaohuaAbstract The corrosion and plugging problems concerning the Claus sulfur recovery system of the gas purificationsection of the Shanxi Coking Group Co, Ltd. and the causes of the low H] content are discussed in the paper. Also in-cluded are the improved management on the plant operation, adjusted control parameters, technical revamping on equip-ment, etc for improving the operation of this section.Key words Claus sulfur recovery system, issues concerning operation, cause analysis, measures(上接第27頁(yè))Calculation Method Study on the Pressure Drop of Pipeline Transportation of Coal water SlurryWang Xubin(Shanghai Coking Chemical Co, Ltd, 200241)Abstract A comparison expression showing friction factor is obtained based on the actual operation data of theTexaco gasifier in shanghai Coking Chemical Corporation, and the dada calculated therefrom is more accurate than thatfrom the Tuyian equation as compared with the actual values. This comparison expression can be used as the basis forpressure drop calculation for commercial scale coal-water slurry transportation and can also be used to calculate the critical flow rate for transporting coal-water slurry in pipelines and the minimum flow rate to maintain homogenous flow. Thecalculation formula serves as the basis for future engineering design and operation management.Key words coal water slurry, transportation, resistance drop, critical flow rate, minimum flow rate(上接第49頁(yè))Summary on the Design and Operation of the 1.6MPa Methanol Synthesis System(Shanxi Yuanping Chemical Industry Group Co, Ltd, Yuanping 034100Abstract The design and operation of 1.6 MPa methanol synthesis system in China is summarized. The used appa-ratus is relocated and optimized in the new design. During start up, the charge of catalyst and the temperature programmedreduction are strictly based on ( Plan of temperature programmed reduction of C301 catalyst for methanol synthesis)suggested by Nanjing Institute of Chemical Engineering. The project turns out to be a success at the first trial of the start upoperation and the recycle of the flue gas is realizedKey words 1.6MPa methanol synthesis, design and operation, problem discussion(上接第59頁(yè))Comprehensive Prevention Treatment Technology of So2 from Coal Fired Boilers(Yungang Coal Mine, Datong Coal Corporation Ltd, 037017)Abstract The paper introduces the flue gas desulfurization technology for coal fired boilers and also the preventionand treatment of SO2 pollution of small and medium sized coal fireddvantage anddisadvantage of limestone desulfurization, spraying and drying desulf中國煤化工 sting/ desulfurizationmethods are reviewed. In the end, non-technical suggestion for decrCNMHGKey words $02, prevention and treatment, technology