鋁著(zhù)色技術(shù)的研究

ISSN1672-4305實(shí)驗窒科學(xué)第17卷第2期2014年4月CN12-1352/NLABORATORY SCIENCEVol. 17 No.2 Apr. 2014實(shí)驗技術(shù)鋁著(zhù)色技術(shù)的研究;張守魁，王丹虹(大連理工大學(xué)機械學(xué)院，遼寧大連116024)摘要:用3.2% CuSO4 .5H20- 1.5% H2SO4 - 0. 2% C對鋁進(jìn)行交流電著(zhù)色。時(shí)間不變,在電壓5V~25V之間,隨著(zhù)電壓的升高,顏色從淺褐色逐漸加深,最終變成黑褐色,穩定性很好;電壓35V以上,顏色變的很不均勻。電壓不變，隨著(zhù)時(shí)間的增加(35min之內) ,顏色逐漸由淺黃色變成黑褐色或者黑色,在10 ~ 25min內顏色均勻,表面質(zhì)量較好。較好的工藝條件為:室溫,交流電壓10 ~25V ,時(shí)間15min ~ 25min。該著(zhù)色技術(shù)工藝簡(jiǎn)單,配方無(wú)毒,著(zhù)色所得試樣有較好耐磨性、耐蝕性、抗曬性。另外,對為工程訓練教學(xué)開(kāi)發(fā)的其他表面處理技術(shù)也做了簡(jiǎn)單的介召。關(guān)鍵詞:鋁;著(zhù)色技術(shù);金相組織;性能中圖分類(lèi)號:TG177文獻標識碼:Bdoi;:10. 3969/j. issn. 1672-4305. 2014.02.010Study on coloring technology of aluminumZHANG Shou-kui, W ANG Dan-hong( School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024，China)Abstract: In a solution of 3. 2% CuSO4●5H20-1. 5% H2SO, -0.2% C, AC coloring technology foraluminum is studied. Keeping time as a constant, the voltage is changed. As the voltage increase from5v to 25v, the color has darkened from light brown to dark brown stablely. w ith voltage raised above35v, the color becomes streaky. Keeping voltage as a constant , as time passes within 35 minutes , thecolor changes gradually from light yellow to dark brown or black. Within the range of 10 minutes to 25minutes, an even color distribution and good surface quality can be observed. The recommended pro-cessing condition for the coloring technique is: room temperature, AC voltage of 10-25v, processingtime between 15min to 25min. The technique is simple and formulation is non - toxic. The obtainedsample after coloring has great wear resistance, corrosion resistance and sunproofness. Other surfacetreatment technology developed for engineering training teaching also was made a brief introduction.Key words: aluminum; coloring technology ; microstructure; property金屬表面進(jìn)行著(zhù)色處理主要是為了防止金屬腐行加熱處理,使其表面生成- -定成分的化學(xué)膜。膜蝕和裝飾目的。金屬經(jīng)著(zhù)色處理后,表面呈現的顏的厚度不同,表面會(huì )呈現不同的顏色。色是由于光通過(guò)金屬表面薄膜的折射或反射產(chǎn)生光金屬著(zhù)色是表面科學(xué)技術(shù)研究與應用非?；钴S的干涉形成的。此外,有的膜本身就有顏色，這時(shí)就的領(lǐng)域之- -[1-81。 我國在金屬著(zhù)色領(lǐng)域開(kāi)展了許多呈現膜層組織物的顏色。金屬著(zhù)色處理工藝主要研究工作,并且已投入了工業(yè)化生產(chǎn),但與發(fā)達的工有:(1)化學(xué)著(zhù)色法。將金屬制件置于化學(xué)試劑中,業(yè)國家相比還有較大差距。鋁是最容易著(zhù)色的金屬通過(guò)化學(xué)反應而使表面形成著(zhù)色膜。(2)電化學(xué)著(zhù)之一。常見(jiàn)鋁著(zhù)色T艾太名歸米干化學(xué)著(zhù)色和電化色法。通過(guò)電化學(xué)過(guò)程對制件表面進(jìn)行著(zhù)色處理。學(xué)著(zhù)色。電中國煤化工步法及電解(3)熱處理著(zhù)色法。將金屬制件置于一定氣氛中 進(jìn)著(zhù)色二步法。TYHCNMH氧化和著(zhù)色過(guò)程在同一溶液中完成,在鋁材上直接形成彩色的氧34實(shí)室科學(xué)5\101min10min25min35min21圖3不同時(shí)間下的實(shí)驗結果(15V)15V 35V圖4不同電壓 下鋁表面微觀(guān)組織變化( 25min) (100x)1 min5 min25m15min50min2H圖5不同時(shí)間下鋁表面微觀(guān)組織變化( 15V)(100x)表2電壓 15V時(shí)不同時(shí)間下的實(shí)驗結果(3)日曬實(shí)驗:經(jīng)過(guò)20天的日曬,色澤無(wú)變化。時(shí)間無(wú)明顯1omin5min_ 35min__ 50min圖6為采用本工藝處理的制品。果顏色變 亮金色暗黃色淺褐色黑褐色出現剃淺，且更(1)酸堿點(diǎn)滴實(shí)驗:經(jīng)過(guò)封閉處理的試樣在進(jìn)行點(diǎn)滴實(shí)驗時(shí)表面無(wú)明顯變化。未經(jīng)封閉處理的試樣,在利用3%硫酸溶液進(jìn)行點(diǎn)滴時(shí),表面無(wú)明顯變化,用3%氫氧化鈉進(jìn)行點(diǎn)滴時(shí),部分試樣表面顏色變淡。未經(jīng)封閉處理的試樣C3、D3、D、D。在用氫氧化鈉溶液點(diǎn)滴時(shí)表面無(wú)變化,未經(jīng)封閉處理的試樣Cq、Cs在用氫氧化鈉溶液點(diǎn)滴時(shí)表面微變色,結合強度下降;未經(jīng)封閉處理的試樣D,表面顏色無(wú)變中國煤化工化,但結合強度明顯降低。MHC NMH G,(2)耐磨性實(shí)驗:用呢子布擦拭試樣表面400足吐舊時(shí)元血七制品下,表面色澤無(wú)變化。.